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1.In a triangle, one angle is 90 degrees and another is 35 degrees. What is the third angle?[3]
A35 degrees
B45 degrees
C55 degrees
D65 degrees
E145 degrees
2.What is the angle between the hands of a clock at exactly 3 o'clock?[3]
Text description of the figure
A clock face with the hour hand pointing at 3 and the minute hand pointing at 12, with the angle between them marked.
A30 degrees
B45 degrees
C90 degrees
D120 degrees
E180 degrees
3.A counter sits at the point (3, 5) on a grid. It moves 4 squares right and 2 squares down. Where is it now?[3]
A(1, 3)
B(1, 7)
C(5, 3)
D(7, 7)
E(7, 3)
4.What is the size of one interior angle of a regular twelve-sided polygon?[3]
A150 degrees
B30 degrees
C165 degrees
D1800 degrees
E144 degrees
5.A flag shape is rotated a quarter turn clockwise about its bottom-left corner. Which of the descriptions matches the result?[4]
Text description of the figure
A flag shape drawn as an upright pole with a small triangle attached to the top right of the pole, standing on a marked corner point at the bottom of the pole.
Athe pole points right and the triangle is below it
Bthe pole points right and the triangle is above it
Cthe pole points left and the triangle is above it
Dthe pole points down and the triangle is to the left
Ethe pole points up and the triangle is on the left
6.An isosceles triangle has an angle of 100 degrees. How big is each of the other two angles?[4]
A20
B40
C45
D80
E100
7.A solid is built from unit cubes. The two pictures show it from above and from the front. What is the smallest number of cubes it could be made of?[4]
Text description of the figure
Two views side by side. The view from above is a solid 2 by 2 square of four cells. The view from the front is a solid 2 by 2 square, so the solid is two columns wide and reaches two cubes high.
A4
B5
C6
D7
E8
8.A cube 3 units on each side is built from unit cubes and painted all over the outside. How many of the small cubes have no paint on them at all?[4]
A0
B1
C6
D8
E27
9.A photograph measures 8 cm by 12 cm. It is enlarged so that the shorter side becomes 20 cm, and the shape is not distorted. How long is the longer side of the enlargement?[4]
A24 cm
B30 cm
C32 cm
D4.8 cm
E18 cm
10.A circle of radius 5 is drawn inside a square of side 10, touching all four sides. What fraction of the square is outside the circle, to the nearest tenth?[5]
Text description of the figure
A square with a circle drawn inside it, the circle touching the midpoint of each of the four sides. The region inside the square but outside the circle is shaded.
A0.1
B0.2
C0.3
D0.5
E0.8
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Answer key — Math Kangaroo practice
Each wrong choice carries the thinking that produces it. When a student picks C, this is what they were doing.
1.C — 55 degreesKA-0022Angles on lines, in triangles, in polygons
AI assumed the triangle was isosceles because it had a right angle, so I repeated the 35.
BI assumed a right-angled triangle always has two 45 degree angles.
DI subtracted 35 from 100 instead of from 90, mixing the angle sum up with a round number.
EI subtracted only the 35 from 180 and forgot to take off the right angle as well.
2.C — 90 degreesKA-0032Clock geometry: hands, angles, times
AI gave the angle for one hour mark instead of the three hour marks between the hands.
BI divided the right angle in half, as if a quarter of the clock were 45 degrees.
DI used a third of the clock face rather than a quarter of it.
EI read 3 o'clock as the hands pointing in opposite directions.
3.E — (7, 3)KA-0145Grid coordinates and lattice reasoning
AI moved left instead of right, subtracting the 4 rather than adding it.
BI moved left and up, reversing both directions.
CI swapped the two coordinates round before moving.
DI moved up instead of down, adding the 2 rather than subtracting it.
4.A — 150 degreesKA-0170Angles on lines, in triangles, in polygons
BI found the exterior angle and answered with that instead of the interior one.
CI used 360 divided by 12 subtracted from 195, or otherwise slipped a step in the arithmetic.
DI gave the total of all twelve interior angles rather than one of them.
EI used a ten-sided polygon by mistake.
5.A — the pole points right and the triangle is below itKA-0039Reflections, rotations, translations
BI turned the pole the right way but kept the triangle on the side it started on.
CI turned the shape anticlockwise instead of clockwise.
DI turned the shape half a turn instead of a quarter turn.
EI reflected the shape in a vertical line instead of rotating it.
6.B — 40KA-0080Properties of triangles and quadrilaterals
AI subtracted 100 from 180 and then divided by four instead of by two.
CI assumed the two equal angles are always 45 degrees.
DI gave what is left after taking 100 from 180 without splitting it between the two angles.
EI made the 100 one of the equal pair, which would already exceed 180 degrees on its own.
7.C — 6KA-0081Views of a solid: top, front, side
AI used the view from above only, giving one cube per square, and ignored the height the front view demands.
BI made just one column two cubes tall, forgetting that the front view is two cubes high across its whole width.
DI added an extra cube that neither view requires.
EI assumed the solid is a filled 2 by 2 by 2 block, which is the largest that fits rather than the smallest.
8.B — 1KA-0089Building and counting with unit cubes
AI assumed every small cube touches the outside somewhere.
CI counted the cubes at the centre of each face, which are painted on one side.
DI counted the corner cubes, which are the most painted rather than the least.
EI gave the total number of small cubes instead of the unpainted ones.
9.B — 30 cmKA-0155Scaling and similar figures
AI kept the difference of 4 cm between the two sides instead of keeping their ratio.
CI added 20 to 12 rather than scaling 12.
DI used the scale factor upside down and multiplied 12 by 8/20 instead of 20/8.
EI multiplied 12 by 1.5, the ratio between the original sides, instead of by the enlargement factor.
10.B — 0.2KA-0052Area by subtraction (shaded regions)
AI estimated by eye from the four corner pieces without comparing them to the whole square.
CI used a diameter of 5 instead of a radius of 5 when working out the circle's area.
DI assumed the circle covers half the square because it touches all four sides.
EI found the fraction covered by the circle and gave that instead of the fraction outside it.